The large figure in this relief is Methethy, a nobleman who is giving orders to four servants taking an inventory of his possessions. This allowed the Egyptians to represent a body in the clearest possible way. The head and legs of this scribe are shown from the side, but the waist and torso are pictured from the front. Human figures were sometimes depicted in a twisted position. The most important figures in images are always the largest ones. To make larger figures, the squares themselves were larger, and for smaller figures, the squares were smaller. For example, the distance from the feet to the belly button was always eleven squares and from the belly button to the shoulder always five squares. This grid showed the artists how big to make each part of the body since each part was always the same number of squares. They used a grid that was eighteen squares tall and divided the body into eighteen equal parts from the bottom of the feet to the hairline above the forehead. What objects would you take with you? Make a list.Įgyptian artists followed a set of rules for painting, drawing, sculpting, or carving human figures in art. Sometimes the objects were depicted in art, but for the Egyptians, these pictures could still be used (or eaten or drunk!) in the next world. Objects from daily life, such as vessels for storing food, sandals, games, and even razors were placed with the dead for use in the afterlife. The Egyptians thought that, just as the sun is reborn every morning, people are reborn in the next world. The Egyptians painted eyes on the outside of coffins so that the mummy could see the rising sun each day. Protective amulets, similar to lucky charms, were also sometimes wrapped with the mummy. Magic spells and special instructions were often written in hieroglyphs on coffins and in tombs to offer protection and ward off evil. Mummies were wrapped and placed in coffins and buried in tombs or graves. Bodies were preserved, or protected, through mummification, a very long and expensive process that not everyone could afford. What animal features and powers do you want and why? Write about it and/or draw it!Īncient Egyptians believed that after people die in this world, they continue living in another world. The cat-headed goddess Bastet holds a sistrum (a musical instrument),Ī basket, and a kitten in this small bronze sculpture. Cats were so important to the Egyptians that some were even mummified! Sekhmet, the goddess of war, is shown as a lion or a woman with the head of a lion. The goddess Bastet was known as a protector, as fierce as a mother cat protecting her kittens, so she was represented either as a house cat or a woman with the head of a cat. Other Egyptian deities (gods and goddesses) were also represented as animals or as beings that were part animal and part human.Ī god or goddess was usually associated with a particular animal because of shared qualities or characteristics. Religion was very important to the ancient Egyptians, and they worshipped hundreds of gods and goddesses! The Egyptians believed that their king, called a pharaoh, was the falcon-headed god Horus on Earth who served as the link between the gods and humans.
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